Slovakia's nuclear power sector is experiencing a significant milestone with the recent achievement of criticality by the Mochovce-4 reactor. This development marks a crucial step towards the plant's operational readiness, as it moves closer to generating electricity and contributing to the country's energy needs.
The Mochovce-4 reactor, a 471-MWe pressurized water reactor, has reached a critical state, indicating its ability to sustain a self-sustaining chain reaction. This achievement is a testament to the tireless efforts of countless experts involved in its construction, inspection, and commissioning. The project director, Martin Mráz, emphasized the significance of this milestone, stating that it confirms the plant's readiness for the next phase of testing before electricity production begins.
This development is particularly notable as it brings Slovakia closer to its goal of having six operating pressurized water reactors (PWRs) when Mochovce-4 enters commercial operation. The country's Nuclear Regulatory Authority issued a commissioning permit for Unit 4 on May 22, which came into effect on June 24, further solidifying the plant's progress.
The Mochovce nuclear power station already houses three operating Russian-designed VVERs. Mochovce-1 and Mochovce-2, which came online in 1998 and 2000 respectively, generate 467 MWe and 469 MWe. Mochovce-3, operational since the fall of 2023, adds another 471 MWe to the mix. The addition of Mochovce-4 will significantly boost Slovakia's nuclear energy capacity.
The history of the Mochovce plant dates back to the 1980s, with the third and fourth reactors under construction for decades. However, work on these units has faced numerous interruptions over the years. According to Slovenské Elektrárne, one of the reactors will meet 13% of Slovakia's electricity demands. This development is a crucial step towards ensuring energy security and sustainability for the country.
Slovakia's nuclear landscape is further complemented by the Bohunice nuclear power plant, which houses two operating Russian-designed VVERs, Bohunice-3 and -4, both generating 466 MWe. The plant also includes Bohunice-A1, a 104-MWe gas-cooled heavy water reactor, which was Slovakia's first commercial nuclear reactor when it came online in 1972. While Bohunice-A1, -1, and -2 are now shut down, the remaining units continue to play a vital role in the country's energy mix.
The achievement of criticality by Mochovce-4 is a significant milestone in Slovakia's nuclear energy journey. It underscores the country's commitment to sustainable and reliable energy sources, while also highlighting the importance of expert collaboration and meticulous planning in the construction and operation of nuclear power plants. As Slovakia moves forward with its energy goals, the Mochovce-4 reactor's success serves as a promising indicator of the country's ability to meet its energy demands while maintaining a focus on safety and environmental responsibility.
